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Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Pitch taken for tuberculosis. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Poultice of pitch and buttercup roots used for tuberculosis.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Unspecified
Decoction of branches taken as medicine.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Venereal Aid
Very strong decoction of various plant parts taken for gonorrhea.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Drug, Witchcraft Medicine
Branches thought to be of help to young girl under 'magical spell.'
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 509
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Fiber, Building Material
Bark used for covering lodges.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Fiber, Building Material
Branches used to make temporary lodge flooring.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Fiber, Canoe Material
Bark used to make canoes.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding
Boughs used as bedding and temporary floor coverings and changed every two to three days.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding
Branches used for bedding.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Food, Beverage
Branch tips sometimes steeped to make a tea like beverage.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Other, Incense & Fragrance
Boiled boughs mixed with decoctions of other plants and deer grease and used to perfume the hair. The boiled boughs were mixed with decoctions of leaves from a broad leafed plant from the Okanagan, sweet grass from the Thompson River and deer grease and then used to perfume the hair.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Grand Fir
USDA ABGRG
Thompson Other, Protection
Boughs used by young girls to scrub the face & clothes so that they would not be bothered by bears.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Analgesic
Needle smudge smoke inhaled for headaches.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 79
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Ceremonial Medicine
Plant burned as ceremonial incense.
McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 273
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Cold Remedy
Poultice of leaves applied for chest colds.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Cold Remedy
Poultice of plant applied for chest colds.
McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 273
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Dermatological Aid
Gummy secretions used on wounds as an antiseptic.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Dermatological Aid
Infusion of needles mixed with grease and applied as a hair tonic.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Dermatological Aid
Leaves mixed with grease and used as hairdressing.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Dermatological Aid
Needles packed into moccasins as a foot deodorant.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Dermatological Aid
Needles used as a deodorant.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Emetic
Infusion of resin taken as an emetic to clean the insides.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 65
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Febrifuge
Poultice of leaves applied for fevers.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Febrifuge
Poultice of plant applied for fevers.
McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 273
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Oral Aid
Resin chewed for bad breath and pleasure.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Pulmonary Aid
Gummy secretions taken for lung troubles.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Stimulant
Needle smudge smoke inhaled for fainting.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 79
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Infusion of needles taken for coughing up blood, a sign of tuberculosis.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 70
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Needle smudge used to fumigate the patient with tuberculosis.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 70
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Venereal Aid
Needle smudge used to fumigate those faces that were swollen from a form of venereal disease.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 69
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Veterinary Aid
Ground needles used in horse medicine bundles.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Veterinary Aid
Infusion of bark given to horses for diarrhea.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 87
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Veterinary Aid
Little bags of needles tied on a belt and hung around the horse's neck as a perfume.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 87
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Drug, Veterinary Aid
Needle smudge used to fumigate sick horses.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 87
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Food, Candy
Cones pulverized into a fine powder, mixed with backfat and marrow and eaten as a confection. The confection was an aid to digestion as well as a delicacy.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Food, Candy
Cones pulverized into a fine powder, mixed with backfat and marrow and eaten as a confection.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Food, Candy
Cones pulverized into a fine powder, mixed with backfat and marrow and eaten as a confection.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Food, Candy
Resin chewed for bad breath and pleasure.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Other, Ceremonial Items
Chewed needles sprayed over the Horn ceremonial containers to purify them.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Other, Ceremonial Items
Needle incense used for transfer ceremonies of Black Spring tipi design & Bear Medicine Hat bundle.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Other, Incense & Fragrance
Leaves used as perfume.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Other, Incense & Fragrance
Leaves used in buckskin bags for delightful odor & mixed with grease to add fragrance to hair oil.
McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 278
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Other, Incense & Fragrance
Needles packed with stored items, saddle pads or burned in a household smudge.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Other, Incense & Fragrance
Used for incense, primarily in association with the Medicine Pipe bundles.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Other, Paint
Needles mixed with dry paint to make it smell better.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Blackfoot Other, Protection
Needle smudge used for safety's sake during severe thunderstorms.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 36
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Cheyenne Drug, Ceremonial Medicine
Needles burned as incense in ceremonies by persons afraid of thunder.
Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 5
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Cheyenne Drug, Stimulant
Plant used to revive a dying person's spirit.
Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 5
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Subalpine Fir
USDA ABLAL
Cheyenne Drug, Witchcraft Medicine
Burning needle smoke and aroma used to chase away bad influences (illness).
Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 5