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Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Bella Coola Drug, Eye Medicine
Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and used for infected eyes.
Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid
Infusion of bark taken for stomach ailments.
Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Bella Coola Drug, Throat Aid
Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and taken for sore throat.
Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Bella Coola Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.
Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Haisla Drug, Tonic
Bark and other plants used as a tonic.
Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Haisla Drug, Unspecified
Bark and other plants used for 'sickness.'
Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Haisla Food, Unspecified
Cambium used for food.
Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Haisla Other, Ceremonial Items
Pitch applied to the face of mourners.
Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Haisla and Hanaksiala Fiber, Snow Gear
Boughs used as a 'bush sleigh' to pull cargo across deep snow.
Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Hanaksiala Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid
Infusion of bark taken for stomach ulcers.
Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Hanaksiala Drug, Hemorrhoid Remedy
Infusion of bark taken for hemorrhoids.
Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Hanaksiala Other, Containers
Boughs used to line oolichan ripening pits.
Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Kitasoo Drug, Unspecified
Decoction of bark used medicinally.
Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Kitasoo Food, Unspecified
Inner bark used for food.
Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Nitinaht Drug, Internal Medicine
Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Nitinaht Drug, Preventive Medicine
Boughs placed in fire and smoke inhaled to prevent sickness.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Nitinaht Food, Candy
Hardened pitch chewed for pleasure.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Nitinaht Other, Hunting & Fishing Item
Long, hard knots used to make halibut hooks.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Nitinaht Other, Incense & Fragrance
Boughs bundled up and used as home air fresheners.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Oweekeno Drug, Cold Remedy
Pitch boiled with grease or pitch and sugar and taken for colds.
Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 68
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Thompson Drug, Cold Remedy
Pitch taken for colds. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Thompson Drug, Panacea
Pitch taken for any type of bad disease. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Thompson Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Decoction of boughs and/or bark taken for tuberculosis.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Thompson Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Pitch taken for tuberculosis. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Thompson Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Poultice of pitch and buttercup roots used for tuberculosis.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Thompson Drug, Unspecified
Decoction of branches taken as medicine.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes
Pacific Silver Fir
USDA ABAM
Thompson Other, Incense & Fragrance
Boiled boughs mixed with decoctions of other plants and deer grease and used to perfume the hair. The boiled boughs were mixed with decoctions of leaves from a broad leafed plant from the Okanagan, sweet grass from the Thompson River and deer grease and then used to perfume the hair.
Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Abnaki Drug, Dermatological Aid
Gum used for 'slight' itches.
Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Abnaki Drug, Dermatological Aid
Gum used to make various ointments.
Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Abnaki Drug, Disinfectant
Used as an antiseptic.
Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Abnaki Drug, Panacea
Leaves made into pillows and used as a panacea.
Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Abnaki Drug, Unspecified
Needles and wood stuffed into pillows and used for good health.
Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Abnaki Drug, Unspecified
Needles stuffed into pillows and used for good health.
Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Dermatological Aid
Poultice of gum applied to open sores, insect bites, boils and infections.
Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Gynecological Aid
Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes.
Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Heart Medicine
Roots used for heart disease.
Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Laxative
Needles used to make a laxative tea.
Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Poultice
Needles used for making poultices.
Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Unspecified
Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes.
Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule Drug, Cold Remedy
Sap chewed for colds.
Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding
Boughs used as mats on the tent floor.
Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Anticosti Drug, Kidney Aid
Decoction of bark and bark from another plant taken for kidney troubles.
Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Anticosti Drug, Kidney Aid
Gum eaten for kidney pains.
Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Anticosti Drug, Throat Aid
Infusion of sap used for sore throats.
Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Chippewa Drug, Analgesic
Gum melted on warm stone and fumes inhaled for headache.
Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Chippewa Drug, Antirheumatic (External)
Decoction of root used as herbal steam for rheumatic joints.
Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Chippewa Drug, Dermatological Aid
Gum of plant with bear grease used as an ointment for the hair.
Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 350
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Chippewa Drug, Herbal Steam
Decoction of root sprinkled on hot stones and used as herbal steam for rheumatism.
Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Chippewa Drug, Herbal Steam
Gum of plant melted on warm stone as herbal steam for headache.
Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338
Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.
Balsam Fir
USDA ABBA
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Abortifacient
Pitch used for menstrual irregularity.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21